2018年5月4日美國《華爾街日報(bào)》公布的美國貿(mào)易談判《條件清單》(轉(zhuǎn)載)

(中文譯文不準(zhǔn)確的，以英文原文為準(zhǔn))

標(biāo)題Balancing the trade relationship between the united states of Americaand the people’s republic of China(中文：平衡中美之間的貿(mào)易關(guān)系)

英文： There is an immediate need for the UnitedStates and China to reduce the U.S. trade deficit with China by ensuring thatChina’s market is open to United States traders and investors on a fair andnon-discriminatory basis.” 。

中文：需要立即減少美國對中國的貿(mào)易赤字，確保中國市場在公平和非歧視的基礎(chǔ)上，對美國的出口商和投資者開放。

第一部分 減少貿(mào)易赤字

英文：China commits to work with Chineseimporters to engage in trade transactions to achieve targets to which theParties agree.

中文：中國承諾和中國進(jìn)口商一起促進(jìn)進(jìn)口，來滿足中美達(dá)成的協(xié)議。

英文：These transactions are specificallydesigned to reduce the United States-China trade deficit by $100 billion in thetwelve (12) months beginning June 1, 2018.

中文：從 2018 年 6 月 1 日開始的 12 個(gè)月以內(nèi)，中國需要減少 1000 億美元的對美貿(mào)易順差

英文：and an additional $100 billion in thetwelve (12) months beginning June 1, 2019, such that the U.S. trade deficitwith China will have decreased compared to 2018 by at least $200 billion by theend of 2020.

中文：從 2019 年 6 月 1 日開始，中國繼續(xù)在 12 個(gè)月以內(nèi)減少第二個(gè) 1000 億美元的對美貿(mào)易順差。

英文：China’s purchase of U.S. goods willrepresent at least 75% of China’s commitment to a $100 billion increase inpurchases of U.S. exports for the twelve months beginning June 1, 2018, and atleast 50% of China’s commitment to an additional $100 billion increase inpurchases of U.S. exports in the twelve (12) months beginning June 1, 2019.

中文：中國承諾，從 2018 年 6 月 1 日 -2019 年 5 月 31 日新增進(jìn)口 1000 億美元中，至少 75% 是購買美國商品;自 2019 年 6 月 1 日開始的第二個(gè) 1000 億美元，至少 50% 是購買美國商品。

第二部分：保護(hù)美國知識產(chǎn)權(quán)

英文：(a) China immediately will cease providingmarket-distorting subsidies and other types of government support that cancontribute to the creation or maintenance of excess capacity in the industriestargeted by the Made in China 2025 industrial plan;

中文：(a)中國立即停止對中國制造 2025 扭曲市場的補(bǔ)貼和其他形式的政府支持，因?yàn)檫@樣可能會造成這些行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩。

英文： (b)by January 1, 2019, China will eliminate specified policies and practices withrespect to technology transfer;

中文：(b)截至 2019 年 1 月 1 日，中國將消除有關(guān)技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓的特定政策和做法。

英文： (c) China will take immediate, verifiablesteps to ensure the cessation of Chinese government conducted, Chinesegovernment-sponsored, and Chinese government-tolerated cyber intrusions intoU.S. commercial networks and cyber-enabled theft targeting intellectualproperty, trade secrets and confidential business information held by U.S.companies;

中文：(c)中國立即采取可驗(yàn)證的手段，確保停止中國政府指揮、贊助和默許的，入侵美國公司商業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊盜取美國公司知識產(chǎn)權(quán)、商業(yè)機(jī)密和貿(mào)易機(jī)密的行為。

英文： (d) China will strengthen specifiedintellectual property rights protection and enforcement;

中文：(d)中國將加強(qiáng)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)和執(zhí)法力度

英文： (e) by January 1, 2019, China willeliminate the provisions of the Regulations on the Administration of the importand Export of Technologies and the Regulations on the Implementation of the Lawon Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures identifiedin the U.S. request for WTOconsultations in China – Certain Measures Concerning the Protection ofIntellectual Property Rights (DS542);

中文：(e)到 2019 年 1 月，中國取消對技術(shù)進(jìn)出口管理的相關(guān)規(guī)定，同時(shí)取消關(guān)于執(zhí)行中外合資企業(yè)法中的條款的規(guī)定，這些規(guī)定美國曾提出在 WTO 和中國磋商，目的是為了保護(hù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)。

英文：(f)by July 1, 2018, China will withdraw its request for WTO consultations inUnited States – Tariff Measures on Certain Goods from China (DS543) and willtake no further action related to this matter under the WTO Understanding onRules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (“DSU”). In addition,China will not take any retaliatory action, whether in the form of tariffs onimports of U.S. products or in any other form, including unwarranted sanitaryand phytosanitary (“SPS”) measures, unwarranted technical barriers to trade(“TBT”) measures, antidumpting and countervailing duties, and discriminatoryinspection, quarantine and testing practices directed at imports of U.S. agriculturalproducts, in response to actions taken or to be taken by the United States,including any new U.S. restrictions on investments or imports. Chinaimmediately will cease all retaliatory actions currently being pursued. Chinaagrees to immediately cease the targeting of American technology andintellectual property through cyber operations, economic espionage,counterfeiting, and piracy. China also agrees to abide by U.S. export controllaws.

中文：(f)2018 年 7 月 1 日，中國撤回在 WTO 要求和美國就從中國進(jìn)口商品征收關(guān)稅進(jìn)行磋商的要求，同時(shí)中國不再在 WTO 的規(guī)定框架和條款下對美方采取更多行動。

除此之外，對美國新提出的限制進(jìn)口和限制中國投資措施，中國不能以各種手段對美方進(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù)，包括對美方進(jìn)口商品征收關(guān)稅，以及對美國進(jìn)口的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品采取不必要的衛(wèi)生和植物檢驗(yàn)措施，設(shè)置不必要的技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘，進(jìn)行反傾銷反補(bǔ)貼調(diào)查，以及歧視性的檢查，檢疫和測試等等。中國立即停止現(xiàn)有正在計(jì)劃中的報(bào)復(fù)行為，同時(shí)中國同意立即停止對美國技術(shù)和知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)竊取、經(jīng)濟(jì)間諜、仿制和盜取。

中國同意遵守美國的出口管制法律。

第三部分 對敏感技術(shù)的投資限制

英文：In light of China’s prevailing investmentrestrictions and state-directed investment in sensitive U.S. technologysectors, including industrial plans such as Made in China 2025, China confirmsthat it will not oppose, challenge, or otherwise retaliate against the UnitedStates’ imposition of restrictions on investments from China in sensitive U.S.technology sectors or sectors critical to U.S. national security.

中文：按照中國盛行的投資管制和國家導(dǎo)向的對美國敏感技術(shù)的收購，包括中國制造 2025 計(jì)劃，中國確認(rèn)不會對美國限制中國投資事關(guān)美國國家安全的敏感技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的行為進(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù)。

第四部分 美國在中國的投資

英文：China recognizes that China should notdistort trade through investment restrictions, and that any investmentrestrictions or conditions imposed by China must be narrow and transparent.

U.S. investors in China must be affordedfair, effective and non-discriminatory market access and treatment, includingremoval of the application of foreign investment restrictions and foreignownership/shareholding requirements. In furtherance of these principles, Chinawill issue an improved nationwide negative list for foreign investment by July1, 2018. Within ninety (90) days of the date on which China issues thisnegative list, the United States will identify existing investment restrictionsthat deny U.S. investors fair, effective and non-discriminatory market access andtreatment. Following receipt of the U.S. list of identified restrictions, Chinais to act expeditiously to remove all identified investment restrictions on atimetable to be decided by the United States and China.

中文：中國要認(rèn)識到中國不能通過投資限制來扭曲正常貿(mào)易關(guān)系，中國任何有關(guān)投資的限制和條件都必須限定范圍并且實(shí)現(xiàn)透明化。

在中國的美國投資者需要能夠擁有公平有效、不被歧視的獲得市場準(zhǔn)入，包括去除針對外資的各種投資申請限制，外資企業(yè)股權(quán)比例和所有權(quán)要求，中國需要在 2018 年 7 月 1 日發(fā)布改進(jìn)后的全國范圍內(nèi)的負(fù)面清單，美國將在 90 天內(nèi)清查出目前已有的，對美國投資者獲取公平有效和非歧視市場準(zhǔn)入待遇不利的投資限制條款，中國需要在收到美方提出的這些條款后，根據(jù)中美約定的時(shí)間表進(jìn)行清除。

第五部分 關(guān)稅和非關(guān)稅壁壘

英文：China’s tariffs and non-tariff barriers aresignificantly higher than those of the United States for most tradable goods.China commits to address U.S. concerns relating to tariffs and non-tariffbarriers as follows: (a) by July 1, 2020, China will reduce its tariffs on allproducts in non-critical sectors to levels that are no higher than the levelsof the United States’ corresponding tariffs; and (b) China will removespecified non-tariff barriers. China also recognizes that the United States mayimpose import restrictions and tariffs on products in critical sectors, includingsectors identified in the Made in China 2025 industrial plan.

中文：中國的關(guān)稅和非關(guān)稅壁壘顯著的美國同類商品，中國根據(jù)美方關(guān)切做以下承諾

(a) 到 2020 年 7 月 1 日，中國把所有非關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域的產(chǎn)品關(guān)稅降到和美國同等的水平。

(b) 中國去除特定的非關(guān)稅壁壘，中國同時(shí)認(rèn)識到美國可能對關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)品實(shí)施進(jìn)口限制和關(guān)稅壁壘，包括中國制造 2025 年的內(nèi)容。

第六部分 美國服務(wù)和服務(wù)提供商

英文：Inorder to achieve fair treatment with respect to U.S. services and servicessuppliers, China commits to improve access to its market in specified ways.

中文：中國承諾對美國服務(wù)和服務(wù)提供商擴(kuò)大市場開放

第七部分 美國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品

英文：In order to achieve fair treatment withrespect to U.S. agricultural products, China commits to improve access to itsmarket in specified ways.

中文：中國承諾對美國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品擴(kuò)大市場開放

第八部分 執(zhí)行

英文：China and the United States will meetquarterly to review progress in meeting agreed targets and reforms.

中文：中美每季度開會討論協(xié)議執(zhí)行情況。

英文：In the event that the United Statesconsiders that China fails to comply with any of China’s commitments in thisframework, including deficit targets, China acknowledges the likelihood thatthe United States will impose additional tariffs or other import restrictionson Chinese products, or on the supply of services or investment, to such extentas the United States deems appropriate. China also understands that it will notoppose, challenge or take any form of action against the United States’imposition of additional tariffs or restrictions pursuant to this paragraph,including action pursuant to the DSU.

中文：如果美國認(rèn)為中方?jīng)]有能夠履行框架的承諾，包括赤字目標(biāo)，中國認(rèn)可美國將會采取額外的關(guān)稅或者其他針對中國商品的進(jìn)口限制措施，或者對中國投資和服務(wù)進(jìn)行限制。

中國同時(shí)不會采取反對、挑戰(zhàn)或者其他任何形式的行為反對美國根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容附加的關(guān)稅和其他限制措施，同時(shí)中國不會在 WTO 發(fā)起貿(mào)易爭端申訴。

英文：China will withdraw its WTO complaintsregarding designations of China as a non-market economy by the United Statesand European Union (United States – Measures Related to Price ComparisonMethodologies (DS515), European Union – Measures Related to Price ComparisonMethodologies (DS516)) and will refrain from challenging the treatment of Chinaas a non-market economy under the DSU in the future.

中文：中國在 WTO 撤回對歐盟和美國把中國列為非市場國家的申訴

英文：Additionally, within 15 days of receiving writtennotice of a prohibited product that may have been transshipped through one ormore countries, with or without modification, China will provide full detailsof every such shipment to the suspected destination or destinations. If Chinafails to do so, or the information reveals that transshipping is occuring, theUnited States will impose tariffs equal to the amount of suspectedtransshipments.

中文：除此之外，如果美方收到中國通過第三國轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)禁止進(jìn)口商品的消息，中國需要在 15 天之內(nèi)提供轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)貨物的詳細(xì)信息包括每艘船的目的地，如果中國沒有做到，或者信息顯示中國有通過第三國的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)行為，美國將會針對轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)貨物價(jià)值相等的部分征收關(guān)稅。

英文：China understands that if it fails touphold any commitment under this framework for Discussion, it is likely thatthe United States will impose tariffs on imports from China, and, whereappropriate in the case of China’s commitments under subsection (c) of Section2 or the last paragraph in Section 2, U.S. Customs and Border Protection willconfiscate counterfeit and pirated goods or levy tariffs to compensate theUnited States for its lost technologies and intellectual property. Chinacommits to not take any retaliatory action in response to the imposition oftariffs or confiscations by the United States pursuant to this Section

中文：中國明確知曉如果沒有能執(zhí)行框架協(xié)議里的承諾，美國將會進(jìn)一步征收進(jìn)口關(guān)稅。

如果中國違反了第二條有關(guān)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)部分的內(nèi)容，美國海關(guān)和邊境檢察官有權(quán)沒收假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品或者征收更重關(guān)稅來彌補(bǔ)美國技術(shù)的損失。中國承諾不會采取任何報(bào)復(fù)行動。